Immersing in the Architectural and Landscape Creations of the Bawas

Sri Lanka is home to some of the finest examples of tropical modernism, thanks to two visionary brothers: Geoffrey Bawa and Bevis Bawa. Geoffrey, an acclaimed architect, pioneered Tropical Modernism, blending the built environment with nature. His elder brother, Bevis, was a landscape artist in his own right, transforming a rubber plantation into the enchanting landscape of Brief Garden. Together, their works offer a harmonious exploration of space, form and nature. Let’s take a look at their most celebrated creations.

Geoffrey Bawa: The Master Architect of Sri Lanka

Geoffrey Bawa (1919–2003) is considered one of the most influential architects in Asia. His work embodies the essence of Tropical Modernism, where modern design principles meet the lush, tropical environment of the island. Open, airy spaces, affording natural light and ventilation designed minimalistically to blur indoors and outdoors are hallmarks of his architecture.

Characteristics of Geoffrey Bawa’s Architecture

• Contextual Sensitivity: Respect for natural surroundings, whether urban or rural, coastal or mountainous, to build around them.
• Seamless Indoor-Outdoor Transitions: His designs integrate courtyards, verandas and expansive openings to dissolve boundaries between built spaces and nature.
• Use of Local Materials: Incorporating timber, stone and terracotta reflects the island’s rich resources and heritage.
• Sustainable Practices: Before sustainability became a mainstream concern, Bawa’s designs utilised passive cooling, cross-ventilation and shading techniques.

Iconic Works of Geoffrey Bawa

Lunuganga, Bentota

Once a rubber plantation, Lunuganga was Bawa’s retreat and the epitome of architectural composition and landscape.

Visitors to Lunuganga can explore its magical gardens, which include a mix of Italian, English and traditional Sri Lankan influences. Serene courtyards, water features, open-air pavilions and beautifully framed views of the Dedduwa Lake exemplify his genius in merging architecture and nature.

Art lovers will appreciate the numerous sculptures and artistic elements strategically placed throughout the grounds. The residence and interiors showcase Bawa’s minimalist yet elegant design sensibilities, with carefully curated furniture, vintage decor and a seamless flow between indoor and outdoor spaces.

Heritance Kandalama, Dambulla

Bawa chose the land overlooking the beautiful and ancient Kandalama reservoir, offering distant views of the Sigiriya, for the hotel. The hotel, built on a faceted ridge that follows the shape of the cliff, has jungle tracks leading to the entrance, fashioned like the mouth of a cave. With minimal disturbance to the natural surroundings, the structure disappears into the jungle. A corridor bored through the rock leads guests to an open lounge where the first view of the reservoir and distant Sigiriya await them. Three infinity pools perch on the edge of the cliff. It is a masterstroke of sustainable architecture.

Seema Malaka, Colombo

Seema Malaka, first built in the late 19th century, formed a significant part of Gangaramaya Temple on the Beira Lake in Colombo. In the 1970s, the structure sank into the water. Bawa was brought on the job to redesign and construct it. The redesign simulated the ancient forest monasteries of Anuradhapura and Ritigala. The architecture reflected that of the Kandyan Era. The structure, built on three interconnected overwater platforms linked by pontoon boardwalks, exemplifies spiritual serenity.

Jetwing Lighthouse, Galle

Perched on a rocky promontory on the coast of Galle, Jetwing Lighthouse is one of Bawa’s most renowned hotel designs. This luxury hotel embodies his signature style with a vast spiral stairway, low-slung lounges, terraces and verandahs that offer sweeping ocean vistas. The grand balustrade features copper and brass life-size sculptures depicting Sri Lanka’s historical battles. At the top of the stairway is a giant sculpture of a Sinhala King. The two residential blocks and the service unit blend into each other and merge with the rock. Natural materials such as wood and stone enhance the tropical modernist aesthetic, creating an ambience of understated elegance and harmony with the coastal environment.

Cinnamon Bentota Beach, Bentota

Located at a breathtaking point along the southwest coast, offering views of the Indian Ocean and the Bentota River, this luxury resort stands as a testimony to the brilliance of Bawa. The structure is designed with a low-rise form, emphasising horizontal lines that merge into the surrounding landscape. Its layout follows a series of interconnected pavilions, creating a sense of openness and fluidity. Terracotta-tiled roofs, whitewashed walls, and timber detailing reflect colonial and native influences.

The high ceilings, deep verandas and strategically positioned louvred windows enhance natural airflow, reducing the need for artificial cooling. Its famous batik ceiling and Peacock Salon are cherished masterpieces. The landscaping around the hotel incorporates native flora, seamlessly blending the built environment with the tropical surroundings. The hotel’s main pool, aligned with the ocean, further reinforces the connection between architecture and nature, providing guests with an immersive sensory experience.

Heritance Ahungalla

Located along the southern coast, Heritance Ahungalla features simple, clean lines with light, airy interiors. This beachfront hotel blends seamlessly with its tropical surroundings while offering a luxurious yet unpretentious atmosphere. Its garden courtyards, breezy walkways, interior pond and open-air lobbies create a sense of effortless elegance. The infinity pool, mirroring the vast ocean, enhances the tranquil ambience, making Heritance Ahungalla a perfect example of how architecture can harmonise with nature.

Bevis Bawa: The Artistic Landscape Visionary

While Geoffrey Bawa redefined architecture in Sri Lanka, his elder brother, Bevis Bawa (1909–1992), transformed nature into a masterpiece as a landscape architect. Brief Garden is his most renowned creation, which reflects his eclectic tastes and artistic vision. Bevis, a patron of the arts, welcomed world-renowned artists, poets, and intellectuals, making Brief Garden a cultural hub. These include Vivian Leigh and Lawrence Olivier.

Brief Garden: A Botanical Wonderland

Located near Bentota, Brief Garden is a former rubber plantation that Bevis transformed over several decades into a mesmerising landscape. Inspired by English and Japanese gardens yet uniquely Sri Lankan, it is a labyrinth of lush greenery, sculptures and hidden pathways.

Its diverse collection of tropical flora creates a lush, vibrant environment. Quirky statues, whimsical sculptures, and artistic motifs secreted in the gardens reflect Bevis’s playful personality. The courtyards, terraces and shaded alcoves provide a meditative experience for visitors.

Uncovering the glorious Bawa trail with Blue Lanka Tours

Get an immersive experience into the Bawas’ world, where architecture and landscape artistry intertwine effortlessly, next time you are in Sri Lanka. These spaces are a testament to the visionary genius of the two brothers. Whether you love elegant hotels, secret gardens or tropical modernist homes, these reveal the timeless beauty of harmonious design.

Find inspiration wandering through the rooms of Lunuganga or meandering along the paths of Brief Garden with Blue Lanka Tours. Unveiling the hidden wonders of this island nation, we offer travellers authentic experiences that enrich travel. Responsibly curated, our tailor-made tours provide a variety of experiences that fit your bill. From arrival to departure, you are in the arms of warm Sri Lankan hospitality, made comfortable by our fleet of luxury vehicles, 24-hour customer support team and a portfolio of impressive properties. Book your Sri Lankan holiday with Blue Lanka Tours today!